The main challenge facing the agricultural landscapes of the Mediterranean and North African regions is not only climate change, but also the degradation of ecosystem services and the loss of biodiversity. The aim of this study is to investigate the adoption of agroecology as a solution to these problems by farmers in a case study in Algeria. To begin with, we determine the farmers’ position in the agricultural system and their relationship with other components of the system using Ostrom’s Social-Ecological System framework(SESF) (2009). In this step, we also identify the factors that affect farmers’ decision-making processes. Subsequently, we enhance an existing bio-economic model with the outcomes of the previous step in order to assess farmer’s adoption to agroecology. Finally, using bio-economic model we will determine policy scenarios to accelerate of agroecological transition.