One of the levers of the agroecological transition is the diversification of systems, in particular by reintroducing animals into systems specialised in field crops or arboriculture. In this study, we focus on the introduction of animals into fruit and vineyard plots. One of the assumed benefits of introducing animals into the plots is the management of pests through biological regulation. The objective of our study, which analysed 66 documents (23 scientific and 18 technical articles, 25 other documents), was to make a comparative synthesis of the effects of the introduction of different animals (sheep, goats, cattle, poultry, pigs and rabbits) on the control of herbage mass, weeds and pests in vineyards and orchards. Sheep is a traditional and efficient solution for managing grass cover in orchards and vines; and cows are traditionally used in high-stem orchards like ‘pré-vergers’ or coconut plantations. Geese are herbivorous poultry that are easy to introduce into vines or orchards and chickens or guinea fowl a possible solution but which can lead to the appearance of bare soil. In contrast, goats and pigs are not very well recommended for managing grass cover because of the damage they cause to trees and soil respectively. Several benefits can be expected from the introduction of animals on pest and disease management. For rodent management, the destruction of rodent burrows by trampling is the most frequently reported mechanism. Animals can also have a direct or indirect effect on the management of insects and other invertebrates. For example, some animals, in particular poultry are heavy consumers of larvae, insects or mollusks. The introduction of animals into orchards can also play a prophylactic role. For example, the consumption or trampling of dead leaves or fallen fruits can reduce the scab inoculum. Introducing animals can be a solution for managing weed, pest and diseases and lead to reduction of chemical treatments. However, not all species can be equally used and some mechanisms of pest and disease control remain unknown.